Silicon tetrachloride

169.9

169.90

233-054-0

96L75U0BM3

0574

1818

DTXSID0029711

Colorless, clear, mobile, fuming liquid

2827399000

0

5.20

Colorless Liquid

1.52 g/cm³ @ Temp: 0 °C

-70 °C

59 °C

57.6°C

1.462

Solubility in water: reaction.Miscible with benzene, toluene, chloroform, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, ether and hydrochloric acid.

Store below +30°C.

420 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)

5.86 (vs air)

Inhalation-Rat LC50: 8000 PPM/24 hours; Inhalation-Mouse LCL0: 15000 mg/m3

When heated, when heated, it emits smoke and emits toxic hydrogen chloride gas; when heated, it produces toxic chloride fumes

Suffocating odor

Decomp by water with much heat into silicic acid and hydrochloric acid.

Fumes in air. Decomposed by water or moist air with much heat generated and forms silicic acid and hydrochloric acid [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Silicon tetrachloride reacts vigorously with water to generate gaseous HCl. Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Hydrogen Chloride gas will be created in 0.38 minutes. Experimental details are in the following: "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Chlorosilanes

Water-Reactive

Chlorosilanes, such as SILICON TETRACHLORIDE, are compounds in which silicon is bonded to from one to four chlorine atoms with other bonds to hydrogen and/or alkyl groups. Chlorosilanes react with water, moist air, or steam to produce heat and toxic, corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride. They may also produce flammable gaseous H2. They can serve as chlorination agents. Chlorosilanes react vigorously with both organic and inorganic acids and with bases to generate toxic or flammable gases. This material is incompatible with alkali metals and dimethyl sulfoxide.

The vapour is heavier than air.

Corrosive to most metals when water is present

29.7 kJ/mol at 25 °C

Critical temperature: 472.5 °F; Critical pressure: 36.8 atmospheres

II

8

UN 3264 8/PG 2

1

20/21/22-34-40-36/37/38-14-67-37-35-20/22

26-7/8-45-36/37/39-28-27

VW0525000

C,Xi

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from alkalis and food additives

Stability Moisture sensitive - reacts violently with water. Incompatible with water, acids, bases, alcohols, alkali metals, organics, powdered metals.

P280-P301 + P310 + P330-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P403 + P233

H301 + H331-H314-H335

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|/LABORATORY QUANTITIES/: Chemical treatment: Transfer into an evaporating dish containing sodium bicarbonate. Spray with ammonia (6m-NH4OH) /6 M-ammonium hydroxide/ while stirring and then spread with crushed ice. Continue spraying with ammonia until the smoke of ammonium chloride partly subsides and add iced water while stirring. Neutralize and slowly transfer the mixture into a drain with running water.

Will react with water or steam to produce heat, toxic and corrosive fumes. /Silicon chloride/|Reacts with water to form hydrochloric acid. Violent reaction with sodium; potassium.|In the preparation of ethyl polysilicate by mixing tetrachlorosilane and industrial methylated spirit containing some water, failure of the agitator is thought to have led to layering of the alcohol over the dense chloride. Evolution of hydrogen chloride led to mixing of the layers, and a greatly increased rate of reaction and self-accelerating gas evolution which burst the reactor.|In absence of diluent or other effective control of reaction rate, /dimethyl/ sulfoxide reacts violently or explosively with tetrachlorosilane.|A MIXTURE OF POTASSIUM AND.../SILICON TETRACHLORIDE/ PRODUCES A STRONG EXPLOSION ON IMPACT.

Behavior in Fire: Contact with water in foam applied to adjacent fires will produce irritating fumes of hydrogen chloride. (USCG, 1999)|Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.|Corrosives, Reactive - 2nd degree

|Warning|H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Danger|H301+H331 (15.01%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 354 companies from 17 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]|P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P309+P311, P310, P321, P363, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1818 datasheet. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2016)

Acid-canister-type gas mask or self-contained breathing apparatus; goggles or face shield; rubber gloves; other protective clothing to prevent contact with skin. (USCG, 1999)|ACID-CANISTER-TYPE /NIOSH CERTIFIED RESPIRATOR/ OR SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS; GOGGLES OR FACE SHIELD; RUBBER GLOVES; OTHER PROTECTIVE CLOTHING TO PROTECT SKIN.|...PREVENTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DIRECTED PRIMARILY AT PREVENTING OR MINIMIZING CONTACT BETWEEN CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES & SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES & EYES. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/|.../PROTECTIVE/ EQUIPMENT SHOULD.../INCL/ CORROSION-RESISTANT & IMPERVIOUS SUITS...FOOT...HAND & ARM...HEAD...& EYE & FACE PROTECTION; WHERE CORROSIVE GASES MAY BE EXPECTED...RESP PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IS REQUIRED... /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/|...NATURAL RUBBERS, SYNTHETIC RUBBERS, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE, POLYPROPYLENE OR POLYETHYLENE EITHER IN SHEET FORM OR WITH FABRIC BACKING ARE SUITABLE /FOR PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT/. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/

NOT FLAMMABLE|CERTAIN STRONG CORROSIVES MAY, ON CONTACT WITH ORGANIC MATTER OR OTHER CHEMICALS, CAUSE FIRE... /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/

DO NOT USE WATER OR FOAM ON ADJACENT FIRES.|Materials and methods used for the field testing of foams on silicon tetrachloride are described. Two foams were tested incl a high water retention foam with stability over a wide pH range & an ammoniated foam that converts the chlorine portion of the foams to ammonium chloride rather than hydrogen chloride. Results show the application of foam significantly reduced the vapor hazard from spilled silicon tetrachloride.

Contact with water in foam applied to adjacent fires will produce irritating fumes of hydrogen chloride.

Spills can be rendered harmless by anhydrous soda.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.|...PREVENTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE DIRECTED PRIMARILY AT PREVENTING OR MINIMIZING CONTACT BETWEEN CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES & SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES & EYES. ... ADEQUATE VENTILATION & EXHAUST ARRANGEMENTS, WHETHER GENERAL OR LOCAL, SHOULD BE PROVIDED WHENEVER CORROSIVE GASES OR DUSTS ARE PRESENT. ... THE MOST SATISFACTORY METHOD OF ENSURING WORKER PROTECTION IS TO PREVENT...CONTACT WITH CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES BY UTILIZING ONLY CLOSED-CIRCUIT APPARATUS. ... IT IS GOOD PRACTICE TO INSTALL EMERGENCY SHOWERS AT ALL STRATEGIC LOCATIONS...BATH TUBS FILLED WITH CLEAN WATER CAN ALSO PROVIDE VALUABLE SERVICE IN...EMERGENCY. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.|Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases|/GUIDE 157: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE/WATER -SENSITIVE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat which will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 157: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE/WATER -SENSITIVE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Vapors may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or contaminated with water.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for SILICON TETRACHLORIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Vapor: Irritating to eyes, nose and throat. If inhaled will cause difficult breathing. Liquid: Will burn skin and eyes.|HAZARD WARNING: THE VAPORS HAVE ADEQUATE WARNING PROPERTIES OF IRRITATION OF THE EYE, NOSE, & RESP PASSAGES BEFORE SUFFICIENT EXPOSURE OCCURS TO CAUSE INJURY TO THE EYES. THE PRINCIPAL DANGER IS FROM SPLASH CONTAMINATION. /CHLOROSILANES/

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Keep under inert gas. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Dry. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance and the vapour are corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation of the vapour may cause lung oedema. Inhalation of the vapour may cause asthma-like reactions. The effects may be delayed. Exposure could cause death. Medical observation is indicated.

STRICT HYGIENE! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

moderately toxic

Grades: Technical; 99.5%; CP (99.8%); semiconductor|Low purity tetrachlorosilane used as a raw material in the production of fumed silica contains some trichlorosilane as well as methyltrichlorosilane.

Inhalation causes severe irritation of upper respiratory tract resulting in coughing, choking, and a feeling of suffocation; continued inhalation may produce ulceration of the nose, throat, and larynx; if inhaled deeply, edema of the lungs may occur. Contact of liquid with eyes causes severe irritation and painful burns; may cause permanent visual impairment. Liquid may cause severe burns of skin. Repeated skin contact with dilute solutions or exposure to concentrated vapors may cause dermatitis. Ingestion causes severe internal injury with pain in the throat and stomach, intense thirst, difficulty in swallowing, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; in severe cases, collapse and unconsciousness may result. (USCG, 1999)

Get medical attention at once following any exposure to this compound. INHALATION: remove victim from contaminated atmosphere; if breathing has ceased, start mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; oxygen should only be administered by an experienced person when authorized by a physician; keep patient warm and comfortable. EYES: immediately flush with large quantities of running water for a minimum of 15 min.; continue irrigation for an additional 15 min. if physician is (USCG, 1999)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention . Wear protective gloves when administering first aid.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Chlorine and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's to support vital signs if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider vasopressors to treat hypotension without signs of hypovolemia ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Chlorine and related compounds/

MAY BE IRRITATING TO EYES ...|A spill of silicon tetrachloride caused the evacuation of several thousand people from an industrial park; 28 persons sought medical attention. Five of the workers experienced recurrent headaches, and two complained of pedal dysesthesias after the accident. Although temporal relationship between the exposure and onset of these symptoms is notable, no definite etiologic relationship could be established.|.../CHLOROSILANES/ CONSIDERED NON-CORROSIVE IN THEIR NATURAL, DRY STATE MAY BECOME CORROSIVE WHEN IN CONTACT WITH WATER OR MOISTURE OF SKIN & MUCOUS MEMBRANES. ...DURING...HYDROLYSIS, CORROSIVE HALOGEN COMPOUNDS ARE RELEASED. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/|THERE IS...NO EVIDENCE OF SILICOSIS-TYPE LESIONS IN PERSONS HANDLING CHLOROSILANES. /CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for SILICON TETRACHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

silicon tetrachloride

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness. Pain. Blisters. Skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Silane, tetrachloro-: ACTIVE|The production of tetrachlorosilane directly by the reaction of chlorine on silicon was abandoned worldwide in the early 1980s.|The production of tetrachlorosilane as a byproduct of zirconium tetrachloride has decreased in the 1990s owing to reduction in demand for zirconium in nuclear facilities. Previously substantial quantites were produced by this route.

Fire Hazards -> Corrosives, Reactive - 2nd degree