Calcium

40.07800

39.96260

231-179-5

SY7Q814VUP

1192

1401|1855

DTXSID9050484

C331

Lustrous, silver-white surface (when freshly cut); face-centered cubic structure below 300 °C; acquires bluish-gray tarnish on exposure to moist air|Silvery-white metal

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism

2805120090

0

0.00000

Silver-white pieces

1.54 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

842 °C

1484 °C

Solubility in water: reaction

water-free area

negligible

Moderate explosion hazard in intimate contact with very powerful oxidizing agents. ... Can develop explosive pressure in containers. ... Violent reaction with water may evolve explosive hydrogen gas. Potentially explosive reaction with alkali metal hydroxides or carbonates; dinitrogen tetraoxide; lead chloride + heat; phosphorus(V) oxide + heat; sulfur + heat. Molten calcium reacts explosively with asbestos cement.|Much harder than sodium, but softer than aluminum or magnesium; Brinell hardness: 17; electrical resistivity: 3.5 microohm cm @ 20 °C; specific heat: 0.149 cal/g (from 0-100 °C); reacts with water, alcohols, dil acids and halogens; forms blue color in liquid ammonia|Alkaline earth element; oxidizes in air to form adherent protective film; can be machined, extruded, or drawn|Burns with crimson flame.|Based on calcium's electronic configuration, it can have 2 oxidation states. Calcium has an electronic configuration of (Ar)4s2. The most stable electronic configuration for calcium to have is (Ar). In order for this to happen, calcium needs to lose 2 electrons giving it a +2 charge.

Pyrophoric ignites in air when finely divided, then burns with crimson flame [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Calcium rapidly decomposes in water, the heat of reaction is sufficient that hydrolysis released hydrogen may ignite [Lab. Gov. Chemist 1966]. Pyrophoric hazard only exists when this material is in a powdered form. If the material is in large pieces, it is unlikely to burn or react strongly with water under normal conditions.

Metals, Elemental and Powder, Active

Strong Reducing Agent

Boron trifluoride reacts with incandescence when heated with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals except magnesium [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Calcium reacts violently with acids [Lab. Govt. Chemist 1965]. Finely divided calcium burns spontaneously in chlorine at elevated temperatures [Mellor 3:637, 638, 651 1946-47]. Finely divided or massive calcium burns spontaneously in fluorine at ordinary temperatures. It is incompatible with metal oxides, alkali metal hydroxides, chlorine fluorides, dinitrogen tetraoxide, and sulfur(with sulfur reacts explosively when ignited) [Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995].

1454+-18 °F (USCG, 1999)

151.9 cal/g

Ignites in air when finely divided.

II

4.3

UN 1401 4.3/PG 2

1

R15

S24/25-S43-S8

F

Fireproof. Dry. Well closed. Keep under inert gas. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers.

Stable, but reacts with water to release hydrogen and produce calcium hydroxide. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, moisture.

P231 + P232-P422

H261

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Calcium reacts violently with acids.|MIXT OF CALCIUM & VANADIUM OXIDE CONTAMINATED WITH SULFUR AND SOME MOISTURE CAUSED A SEVERE FIRE.|SOLID CALCIUM IGNITES SPONTANEOUSLY IN MOIST OXYGEN.|FINELY DIVIDED OR MASSIVE CALCIUM BURNS SPONTANEOUSLY IN FLUORINE @ ORDINARY TEMP.|For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for CALCIUM, ELEMENTAL (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]: Produce flammable gases on contact with water. May ignite on contact with water or moist air. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Some are transported in highly flammable liquids. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. (ERG, 2016)|Forms flammable gas on contact with water or damp air. May ignite spontaneously on contact with air. Risk of fire and explosion on contact with water or incompatible substances. See Chemical Dangers.|Reactive - 2nd degree

|Warning|H261: In contact with water releases flammable gas [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]|P231+P232, P280, P370+P378, P402+P404, and P501|H261 (100%): In contact with water releases flammable gas [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 776 companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|Danger|H250: Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air [Danger Pyrophoric liquids; Pyrophoric solids]|P210, P222, P231+P232, P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P334, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P405, P422, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Dike for later disposal; do not apply water unless directed to do so. POWDER SPILL: Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading and keep powder dry. DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST. (ERG, 2016)

Goggles and rubber gloves. (USCG, 1999)|Personnel protection: Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. ...

Flammable when finely divided.|Flammable when heated or in intimate contact with moisture or acids.

Use approved Class D extinguishers or smother with dry sand, dry clay, or dry ground limestone. DO NOT use carbon dioxide or halogenated extinguishing agents. DO NOT use water. Violent reaction may result.|If material on fir or involved in fire: Do not use water. Do not use carbon dioxide. Use graphite, soda ash, powdered sodium chloride, or suitable dry powder.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Do not use water. Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Keep material dry.|Personnel protection: ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Avoid breathing fumes from burning material.

/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May ignite on contact with moist air or moisture. May burn rapidly with flare-burning effect. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. /Calcium, metal and alloys, pyrophoric; Calcium, pyrophoric; Calcium alloys, pyrophoric/|/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Health: Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Inhalation of decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. /Calcium, metal and alloys, pyrophoric; Calcium, pyrophoric; Calcium alloys, pyrophoric/|/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Stay upwind. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Keep out of low areas. /Calcium, metal and alloys, pyrophoric; Calcium, pyrophoric; Calcium alloys, pyrophoric/|/GUIDE 135: SUBSTANCES - SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Calcium, metal and alloys, pyrophoric; Calcium, pyrophoric; Calcium alloys, pyrophoric/|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CALCIUM, ELEMENTAL (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system.

Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Consult an expert! Remove all ignition sources. Cover the spilled material with dry sand or dry powder. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Fireproof. Dry. Well closed. Keep under inert gas. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers.

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.

The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis.

NO contact with air, water or incompatible substances. PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST. Use non-sparking handtools.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles or face shield.

Does not occur free in nature.

Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. It is vital in cell signaling, muscular contractions, bone health, and signalling cascades.|FDA Label|Prevention of oxaliplatin induced peripheral neuropathy

Calcium (Ca2+) plays a pivotal role in the physiology and biochemistry of organisms and the cell. It plays an important role in signal transduction pathways, where it acts as a second messenger, in neurotransmitter release from neurons, contraction of all muscle cell types, and fertilization. Many enzymes require calcium ions as a cofactor, those of the blood-clotting cascade being notable examples. Extracellular calcium is also important for maintaining the potential difference across excitable cell membranes, as well as proper bone formation.

Hormones and molecules with calcium-regulating hormone-like actions that modulate OSTEOLYSIS and other extra-skeletal activities to maintain calcium homeostasis. (See all compounds classified as Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents.)

The kidney excretes 250 mmol a day in urine, and resorbs 245 mmol, leading to a net loss in the urine of 5 mmol/d.

Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. More than 500 human proteins are known to bind or transport calcium. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Circulating calcium is either in the free, ionized form or bound to blood proteins such as serum albumin. Parathyroid hormone (secreted from the parathyroid gland) regulates the resorption of Ca2+ from bone. Calcitonin stimulates incorporation of calcium in bone, although this process is largely independent of calcitonin. Although calcium flow to and from the bone is neutral, about 5 mmol is turned over a day. Bone serves as an important storage point for calcium, as it contains 99% of the total body calcium. Low calcium intake may also be a risk factor in the development of osteoporosis. The best-absorbed form of calcium from a pill is a calcium salt like carbonate or phosphate. Calcium gluconate and calcium lactate are absorbed well by pregnant women. Seniors absorb calcium lactate, gluconate and citrate better unless they take their calcium supplement with a full breakfast. The currently recommended calcium intake is 1,500 milligrams per day for women not taking estrogen and 800 milligrams per day for women on estrogen. There is close to 300 milligrams of calcium in one cup of fluid milk. Calcium carbonate is currently the best and least expensive form of calcium supplement available.

/Potential/ impurities for commercial and redistilled grade: Mg, N, Al, Fe, Mn, Co, Li, Be, Cr, and B

Contact with eyes or skin produces caustic burns. (USCG, 1999)

Flush with water (USCG, 1999)

Fresh air, rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse contaminated clothes (fire hazard) with plenty of water. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and teat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 M of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . If product was ingested, protect yourself from contact with vomitus, since it may cause burns. /Flammable solids/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (decreased level of consciousness, tachycardia, pallor, dilated pupils, diaphoresis, and/or readings below 50 mg/dl on dextrose strip or glucometer) and administer 50% dextrose if necessary. Draw blood sample before administration ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Flammable solids/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and new if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poison A and B/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/, Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poison A and B/

SOLID MATERIAL WILL CAUSE SKIN & EYE BURNS SINCE IT REACTS WITH MOISTURE TO FORM CAUSTIC.

Blood Coagulation Factor IV

Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns.

Redness. Pain. Burns.

Available as commercial grade with 99.5% purity and redistilled grade with 99.9% purity|Forms: Crowns, Nodules, Ingots, Crystals up to 99.9% pure

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Calcium: ACTIVE

Human Drugs -> EU pediatric investigation plans|Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients|Fire Hazards -> Reactive - 2nd degree