Selenic acid

144.97

144.97

231-979-4

HV0Y51NC4J

1905

DTXSID2064818

White solid|Hexagonal colorless prisms

74.60000

-1.6279

Colorless Liquid

1.407 g/mL at 25 °C

58 °C

260 °C

>230 °F

n20/D 1.5174(lit.)

Miscible with sulfuric acid. Immiscible with ammonia.

Reference value: Oral-rat LD50: 1.6 mg/kg; Abdominal-rat LDL0: 8.973 mg/kg

pKa1 = 1.7

Decomp in alcohol; reduced by hydrobromic acid, hydriodic acid, hydrogen sulfide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, phenylhydrazine, formic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, acetyl chloride, and several metals; very deliquescent|Hygroscopic; reacts with ethanol|Standard molar enthalpy of formation: -530.1 kJ/mol|Strong oxidizing agent

Very hygroscopic. Soluble in water.

Acids, Strong Oxidizing

Strong Oxidizing Agent

SELENIC ACID, LIQUID reacts exothermically with chemical bases (for example: amines and inorganic hydroxides) to form salts. The reactions can generate dangerously large amounts of heat in small spaces. A good oxidizing agent. It may oxidize organic matter such as wood, cotton, fiberboard, etc. The solid reacts with active metals, including iron and aluminum, and also less active metals, to dissolve the metal and liberate hydrogen and/or toxic gases. Can initiate polymerization in certain classes of organic compounds. Reacts with cyanide salts and compounds to release gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Flammable and/or toxic gases are also often generated with dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, nitriles, sulfides, and weak or strong reducing agents. Additional gas-generating reactions occur with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), and even carbonates: the carbon dioxide gas from the last is nontoxic but the heat and spattering from the reaction can be troublesome. May catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.

I

8

UN 3264 8/PG 1

2

23/24/25-34-50/53-33-23/25-41-38

23-26-36/37/39-45-61-60-28-20/21-16

VS6575000

T,N

Stable, but decomposes on heating. Non-flammable. Incompatible with metals, combustible materials. Hygroscopic.

P261-P273-P301 + P310-P311-P501

H301-H331-H373-H410

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D010, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

Do not use metal and acid to reduce selenium compounds. This will produce toxic gaseous hydrogen selenide. /Selenium compounds/|Acids, strong oxidizers, chromium trioxide, potassium bromate. /Selenium/

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 58: Selenium (1987). EHC are designed for scientists and administrators responsible for the establishment of safety standards and regulations and provide basic scientific risk evaluations of a wide range of chemicals and groups of chemicals.[Available from, as of April 1, 2011: http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc58.htm#SectionNumber:7.1]

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. (ERG, 2016)

|Danger|H301+H331 (86.36%): Toxic if swallowed or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P362, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 44 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]|P260, P264, P270, P307+P311, P321, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. (ERG, 2016)|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Selenium/|Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] /Selenium/|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 1 mg/cu m: /Selenium/ [Table#1958]|Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: /Selenium/ [Table#1959]|Respirator Recommendations: Escape conditions: /Selenium/ [Table#1960]

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.|Personnel protection: Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. If contact with the material is anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for SELENIC ACID (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for SELENIC ACID (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Strong irritant to skin and mucous membranes.

Permissible Exposure Limit: 8 Hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.2 mg/cu m. /Selenium compounds (as Se)/

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.2 mg/cu m. /Selenium; The REL also apply to other selenium compounds (as Se) except selenium hexafluoride./

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Selenic acid is included on this list.

D010; A waste containing selenium (such as selenic acid) may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations.[40 CFR 261.24 (USEPA); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of March 8, 2011: http://www.ecfr.gov]

D010; A solid waste containing selenium (such as selenic acid) may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.

most toxic

Injectable selenium is more acutely toxic than oral administration, with an intramuscular LD50 of 0.5 mg/kg BW in lambs.

No pharmacokinetic data available.

Indicated for use as a nutritional supplement.

[DB11135] is an essential trace mineral that plays a critical role in antioxidant actions, anti-inflammatory effects, immune function, and the production of active thyroid hormone.

Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard oxidation reactions. They counteract the damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues. (See all compounds classified as Antioxidants.)|A group of chemical elements that are needed in minute quantities for the proper growth, development, and physiology of an organism. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) (See all compounds classified as Trace Elements.)

Following single oral administration of sodium selenate concentrations ranging from 1 mg Se/kg to 4 mg Se/kg in lambs, the peak plasma concentrations ranged from 0.79 mg Se/L to 2.54 mg Se/L. The time to reach peak plasma concentrations ranged from 7 to 12 hours.|No pharmacokinetic data available.

No pharmacokinetic data available.

Following single oral administration of 1 mg Se/kg of sodium selenate in lambs, the elimination half life was 313 hours. The elimination half life was 142 hours following a single oral dosing of 4 mg Se/kg as sodium selenate.

[DB11135] is a constituent of selenoproteins thus has structural and enzymatic roles. It acts as an antioxidant via the actions of selenoproteins for protection against oxidative stress, and acts as a catayst for the production of active thyroid hormone []. It may also play a role in sperm motility.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)|Corrosives

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim calm and warm. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. (ERG, 2016)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Inorganic acids and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Activated charcoal is not effective. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's(LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/|Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Selenium and Related Compounds/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for SELENIC ACID (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/CASE REPORTS/ Dermatitis in series of workers exposed to dry & heated selenium dioxide & selenic acid... Actual contact in one case with a splash of selenic acid caused a purpuric-like lesion with inflammatory spots round hair follicles; in another, small shallow ulcers...|/CASE REPORTS/ A 44 year old worker neutralized 450 L of selenic acid with caustic soda. Boiling occurred, and the mixture was spread all over the room. He suffered skin burns and died 90 minutes later with pulmonary edema, unstable blood pressure and garlic breath.|/CASE REPORTS/ A patient ingested a mouthful of selenic acid (30 g/L); he suffered mild gastrointestinal disturbances; 3 hours after ingestion, the plasma concentration was the highest (931 ug/L).|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ ...Toxic by skin absorption and by ingestion.

Acid, Selenic

Selenic acid: ACTIVE

Health Hazards -> Corrosives