Cobalt sulfide (CoS)

91

90.90530

215-273-3

1529

Black amorphous powder

2930909090

32.09000

0.64820

Red Powder

5.45 g/cm³

1182 °C

Insoluble in water.

12600mmHg at 25°C

Oral-rat LD50: > 5000 mg/kg

Non-combustible; toxic cobalt and sulfur oxide fumes are produced in the fire

Exists in two forms: alpha and beta|Soluble in hydrochloric acid; forms Co(OH)S in air /beta-CoS/|Black, amorphous powder /alpha-CoS/|Gray powder or reddish silver octahedral crystals /beta-CoS/

9

3077

43-50/53

24-37-60-61

GG3325000

Xi,N

Warehouse ventilated, low temperature and dry

P261, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P321, P333+P313, P363, P391, P501

H317

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Warning|H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]|P261, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P321, P333+P313, P363, P391, and P501|Danger|H317 (100%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P272, P273, P280, P281, P285, P302+P352, P304+P341, P308+P313, P314, P321, P333+P313, P342+P311, P363, P391, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 684 companies from 23 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Liquid material spills can be copiously flushed with water and channeled to a treatment system or holding tank for reclamation or proper disposal. Spills of dry material can be removed by vacuuming or wet mopping. Some spills can be removed by hosing, first with a mist of water to dampen the spilled material and then with a more forceful stream that flushes it into a holding tank or other facility for handling contaminated water. Work surfaces or contaminated clothing should never be cleaned by dry sweeping or blowing with pressurized hoses. Recovery systems used to reclaim waste metals should comply with federal, state, and local regulations. All waste materials generated in the handling of cobalt-containing substances should be disposed of in compliance with federal, state, and local regulations. /Cobalt and cobalt salts/

Employers should institute programs that emphasize good personal hygiene to prevent skin and respiratory irritation caused by cobalt containing dusts. After working with cobalt products, workers should thoroughly wash their hands and face before drinking, eating, or smoking. If skin contact with cobalt solutions occurs, the worker should wash the affected skin promptly. The employer should provide showers if workers have substantial contact with cobalt. These workers should be encouraged to wash or shower after each workshift. Employers should prohibit smoking or carrying of tobacco products, and should prohibit eating, food handling, or food storage within the work area. /Cobalt and cobalt salts/|General plant maintenance must be conducted regularly to prevent cobalt containing dusts from accumulating in work areas. Cleaning should be performed with vacuum pickup or wet mopping to minimize the amount of dust dispersed into the air. A decontamination room should be available for cleaning equipment that is to receive major overhaul or maintenance. Spills of cobalt-containing material should be promptly cleaned up to minimize inhalation or dermal contact. /Cobalt and cobalt salts/|Special precautions are necessary when workers must enter tanks or vessels, such as reaction vessels containing cobalt catalysts or vessels used to prepare cobalt salts. Before any worker enters a vessel, all sources for transferring cobalt and other materials into or out of the vessel must be blanked to prevent their entry. The vessel interior must then be washed with water and purged with air. After purging the vessel's atmosphere with suitable instruments to ensure that no hazards from fire, explosion, oxygen deficiency, or dust inhalation exist. No one should enter a tank or vessel without first being equipped with an appropriate respirator and a secured lifeline or harness. Mechanical ventilation should be provided continuously when workers are inside the tank. At least one other worker similarly equipped with respiratory protection, lifeline, and harness should watch at all times from outside the vessel. Workers inside the tank must be able to communicate with those persons outside. Other workers must be available to assist in an emergency. Flame- or spark-generating operations, such as welding or cutting, should be performed only when an authorized representative of the employer has signed a permit based on a finding that all necessary safety precautions have been taken. /Cobalt and cobalt salts/

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

Separated from strong oxidants.

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered.

May cause mechanical irritation.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Cobalt monosulfide is included on this list.

practically nontoxic

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Cobalt monosulfide is black amorphous powder. It is used as a catalyst for hydrogenation or hydrodesulfurization. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Cobalt monosulfide stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to produce H2O2. ANIMAL STUDIES: Single im injection of cobalt sulfide gave a 50% incidence of rhabdomyosarcoma in rats but not in mice. Fibrosarcomas were induced in mice 6 months after the parenteral injection of an industrial refining dust containing cobalt oxide and cobalt sulfide. Injection site sarcoma was observed in rats treated with powder of cobalt, its alloys, or with cobalt oxide or cobalt sulfide, respectively. Exposure of CHO cells to crystalline cobalt sulfide at 10 ug/mL for 24 hr induced DNA strand breaks.

The mutagenicity of oxidative stress induced by cobalt compounds was examined in transgenic gpt+ Chinese hamster cell lines (G12 and G10). These two cell lines are known to be more sensitive to mutagens such as X-rays and UV than their parental V-79 cells. ...Treatment of cells with a combination of hydrogen peroxide and cobalt did not alter the mutation frequency induced by cobalt sulfide alone.

Cobalt minerals, mainly arsenides, sulfides, and oxides, occur in nature as a small percentage of other metal deposits, particularly copper.|Cobalt sulfide can occur in minerals, such as carrollite and chalococite, which are main sources of cobalt ores found in Zaire, Zambia(1).

Cobalt monosulfide's production and use as a catalyst for hydrogenation or hydrodesulfurization(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). Cobalt sulfide is generated during the concentration and extraction of cobalt from mineral ores(2) which may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Inorganic cobalt compounds are nonvolatile and released into the atmosphere in particulate form(1). Particulate-phase cobalt compounds are removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Cobalt has been detected in atmospheric deposition(2) and in rain-snow precipitation(3).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 5 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed during the manufacturing, processing, or use of cobalt monosulfide in the United States may be as low as 50-999 workers and as high as 1000-9999 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).|Occupational exposure to cobalt monosulfide may occur through inhalation of dust and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where cobalt monosulfide is produced or used. (SRC)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

/SRP:/ Immediate First Aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out as needed. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (Head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Cobalt and Related Compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Cobalt and Related Compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO (to keep open). Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Cobalt and Related Compounds/

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ Some derivatives of nickel, cadmium, and cobalt are carcinogenic in humans and/or animals but their mechanisms of action are not known. We show that they are capable of stimulating human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), as measured by H2O2 formation, a known tumor promoter. Most effective were the carcinogens nickel subsulfide, which caused a 550% net increase in H2O2 over that formed by resting PMNs, followed by cadmium sulfide, 400%, and nickel disulfide, 200%. Nickel sulfide and cobalt sulfide caused statistically nonsignificant increases of 45 and 20%, respectively. Noncarcinogenic barium and manganese sulfides, and sulfates of nickel, cadmium, and cobalt were inactive. ...

cobalt sulfide

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

Cough. Sore throat. Shortness of breath. Wheezing.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Cobalt sulfide (CoS): ACTIVE|Wastewater containing ruthenium and/or other radionuclides is precipitated with cobalt monosulfide and optionally, other precipitants.