Erucic acid

338.57

338.57

1728049

204-011-3

075441GMF2

6814

DTXSID8026931

C68364

Needles from alcohol

29161900

37.3

9.69 (est)

Solid

0.860 g/cm³ @ Temp: 55 °C

33.8 °C

265 °C @ Press: 15 Torr

265°C/15mm

1.468

In water, 2.66X10-4 mg/L at 25 deg C (est)

2-8°C

1.15X10-6 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

Combustible

Henry's Law constant = 1.39X10-4 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

pKa = 4.74 (est)

188.5 Ų [M-H]- [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]

A C22 (SOLID) FATTY ACID WITH 1 DOUBLE BOND; A HOMOLOGUE OF OLEIC ACID WITH 4 MORE CARBONS|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 8.12X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

NONH for all modes of transport

1

36/37/38

26-36

JR1280000

Xi

P261-P305 + P351 + P338

H315-H319-H335

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset, (Z)-docos-13-enoic acid (CAS # 112-86-7) (2000 CD-ROM edition). Available from the Database Query page at: http://ecb.jrc.it/esis/esis.php as of January 30, 2008.

|Warning|H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 100 companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Combustible

Combustible

Erucic acid was identified in Iona Island Sewage Treatment Plant(British Columbia, Canada) sewage and sludge effluent, concns unreported(1).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Erucic acid was found in concentrations of up to 111 ng/cu m in the northeastern part of Santiago, Chile in samples taken in 1997(1).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of propionyl-L-carnitine to prevent cardiac damage induced by erucic acid. Rats were fed for 10 days with normal or 10% erucic acid-enriched diets with or without propionyl-L-carnitine intraperitoneally injected, (1 mM/kg daily, for 10 days). The erucic acid diet produced increases in triglycerides (from 5.6 to 12.4 mg/gww, P less than 0.01), and free fatty acids (from 2.0 to 5.1 mg/gww, P less than 0.01), but no changes in phospholipids. When the hearts were perfused aerobically with an isovolumic preparation there was no difference in mechanical activity. On the contrary, when pressure-volume curves were determined, the pressure developed by hearts from the erucic acid-treated rats were reduced. Independent of diet, propionyl-L-carnitine treatment always produced positive inotropy. This was concomitant with improved mitochondrial respiration (RCI 5.1 vs 9.3, P less than 0.01), higher tissue ATP content (10.3 vs 18.4 mumol/gdw P less than 0.01) and reduction of triglycerides (12.4 vs 8.0 mg/gww, P less than 0.01). These data suggest that propionyl-L-carnitine, when given chronically, is able to prevent erucic acid-induced cardiotoxicity, probably by reducing triglyceride accumulation and improving energy metabolism.|Seven groups of 24 /male Wistar/ rats were /daily/ fed diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 25 or 30 cal% rapeseed oil /(relative concn of erucic acid were 0, 5.5, 11.0, 16.5, 22.0, 27.5 and 33.0 % of dietary fat respectively)/. All diets were made up to 40 cal% fat with sunflower seed oil. Eight animals from each group were killed after 3 days, 6 days, and 32 wk. In each case the skeletal muscles, heart, diaphragm and adrenals were examined microscopically. In addition the thyroids, testicles, pancreas, spleen, liver and kidneys from animals killed after 32 wk were microscopically examined. Growth: no clear relationship between body weight gain and erucic acid treatment was observed. The average body weight of animals fed 30 cal% rapeseed oil was consistently the lowest, and analysis of variance showed that this difference was almost significant by the end of the test. However, the average body weight of animals fed 20 and 25 cal% rapeseed oil were consistently the highest. No clear relationship between body weight and rapeseed oil treatment was observed. Organ weights: Some significant differences were observed between controls and animals treated with at least 15 cal% rapeseed oil. However, no clear treatment related differences were observed. Pathology: In the animals killed after 3 or 6 days, all animals fed rapeseed oil showed lipidosis of the heart, skeletal muscle, diaphragm and adrenals. The severity of lipidosis incr with the level of rapeseed oil. No other abnormalities were observed. In the animals killed after 32 wk, no treatment-related effects were observed in the skeletal muscle, thyroid, pancreas, or liver of any groups. Effects were observed in the kidneys - slight tubular dilation and incr luminal debris was observed in the renal tubules. These effects were most noticeable in the top dose group. Enlargement of the adrenal cortical cells was observed at 10 cal% and above; severity incr with dose. Cardiac changes were also observed, consisting of minimal lipidosis, foci of myocytolysis showing mononuclear cell proliferations, thickening of the reticular muscle fibre sheath, incr interstitial connective tissue elements and aggregates of Anitskow cells. These effects incr in severity with incr doses of rapeseed oil (especially above 10 cal%). Minimal deg of these changes were also observed in 2 control animals.|Weanling female /Sprague-Dawley/ rats were fed /daily/ diets containing 0.5%, 5%, 10% or 20% of one of the following fats/oils: coconut oil, butter, tallow, lard, olive oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil ... When rats were 50 days old, they were given a single oral dose of dimethylbenz [a] anthrene (DMBA). The diets were continued for 4 months ... More than 85% of the animals /in 20% dose levels/ developed tumors in all groups except those on tallow (80%) and rapeseed oil (77%) ... There tended to be more tumors/rat in animals fed unsaturated fats ... Most of the tumors were adenocarcinomas. /Rapeseed oil/|Eight groups of 5 /male Wistar/ rats were fed daily diets (ad libitum) containing 15% lipids for 12 days. The treatment groups were as follows: BR+: High brassidic acid (28% of lipids), low calcium (0.4%); BR-: Low brassidic acid (1.2% of lipids), low calcium; Br+ Ca: High brassidic acid, high calcium (9.2%); BR- Ca: Low brassidic acid, high calcium; ER+: High erucic acid (28% of lipids), low calcium; ER-: Low erucic acid (1.4% of lipids), low calcium; ER+ Ca: High erucic acid, high calcium; ER- Ca: High erucic acid, high calcium. /The remainder of lipids in each group were made up with maize oil./ There were no significant differences in food consumption alone or weight gain alone. However, if weight gain was adjusted to food consumption, it showed that weight gain for brassidic acid groups was lower in low calcium groups. Weight gain was unaffected for erucic acid groups. All 4 erucic acid groups showed similar levels of heart triglycerides, and C22:1. The hearts showed a mild lipidosis as compared to control rats ... For brassidic acid groups, low calcium decr the heart triglyceride levels. In addition, the triglyceride and C22:1 heart levels were higher in the 2 high brassidic acid groups.|For more Interactions (Complete) data for ERUCIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LD50 Rat oral >19431.7 mg/kg (based on relative density for linoleic acid of 0.0938).|LC50 Brachydanio rerio (Zebrafish) 710 mg/L/96 hr; Conditions: semistatic.

A monoethenoid acid found in seed fats of Cruciferae and Tropaelaceae. It constitutes 40-50% of total fatty acids of rapeseed, mustard- and wallflower seed, and it represents up to 80% of fatty acids of nasturtium seeds.|IN 9 VARIETIES OF RAPESEED, ERUCIC ACID CONTENT VARIED BETWEEN 0.1 & 0.8%, MOST FREQUENTLY AT 0.5%.|Fats and oils from mustard seed, rapeseed, and crambe seed

Erucic acid's production and use as a chemical intermediate(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 135,000 for the free acid(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that undissociated erucic acid is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). The estimated pKa of erucic acid is 4.7(3), indicating that this compound will almost entirely exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization from moist soil is not an important environmental fate process as the acid is in the anion form and anions do not volatilize. Erucic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). A 4.2-11% of the theoretical BOD using an activated sludge inoculum and the Warburg test (6), suggests that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 135,000 for the free acid(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that undissociated erucic acid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). The estimated pKa of 4.7(3) indicates erucic acid will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 9.69(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A 4.2-11% of the theoretical BOD using an activated sludge inoculum and the Warburg test (8), suggests that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), erucic acid, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cis- and trans-erucic acid are degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 4.7 and 4.3 hours(SRC), calculated from rate constants of 8.1X10-11 and 8.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that were derived using a structure estimation method(3). Vapor-phase erucic acid is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for cis-erucic acid and trans-erucic acid reactions in air are estimated to be 2.1 and 1.4 hours(SRC), respectively, calculated from rate constants of 1.3X10-16 and 2.0X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that were derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase erucic acid may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Erucic acid does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cis- and trans-erucic acid with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 8.1X10-11 and 8.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), respectively, using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to atmospheric half-lives of about 4.7 and 4.3 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cis- and trans-erucic acid with ozone has been estimated as 1.3X10-16 and 2.0X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), respectively, that were derived using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to atmospheric half-lives of about 2.1 and 1.4 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). Erucic acid is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Erucic acid does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for erucic acid(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 9.69(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of undissociated erucic acid can be estimated to be 135,000(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that undissociated erucic acid is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). The estimated pKa of erucic acid is 4.7(3), indicating that this compound will almost entirely exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

The estimated pKa of 4.7(1) indicates erucic acid will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces or moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(2). Erucic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.2X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Occupational exposure to erucic acid may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where erucic acid is produced or used. Monitoring and use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to erucic acid via inhalation of ambient air and ingestion of oils containing erucic acid. (SRC)

/EXPTL THER/ Ten Japanese boys with childhood adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), one adult patient with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), and two presymptomatic ALD boys were treated with dietary erucic acid (C22:1) for more than 12 months; except in a case of childhood ALD patient who died 7 months after beginning erucic acid therapy. During erucic acid therapy, the serum levels of very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) (C24:0/C22:0) decreased within 1-2 months in all patients, and these levels in four of the patients decreased to the normal range. Neurological examination and MRI findings in all 10 of the childhood ALD patients showed progression of the disease while they were receiving the dietary therapy. However, the mean interval between the onset of awkward gait and a vegetative state in diet-treated patients was significantly longer than that in the untreated patients. One AMN patient showed slight improvement of spastic gait and lessened pain in the lower limbs due to spasticity. The two presymptomatic ALD boys remained intact on clinical examination and on MRI findings for 38 and 23 months, respectively, after starting the diet.|/EXPTL THER/ A 5-year-old boy with adrenoleukodystrophy, with clinical symptoms of visual, mental and motor disturbances which progressed rapidly, was treated with Lorenzo's oil consisting 1 volume of glyceryl trierucate and 4 volumes of glyceryl trioleate. Five months after initiation of this therapy, ability to swallow was enhanced and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed regression of high intensity area of the parieto-occipital white matter. /Lorenzo's oi/|/EXPTL THER/ An open 2 yr trial of oleic and erucic acids (Lorenzo's oil) included 14 men with adrenomyeloneuropathy, 5 symptomatic heterozygous women and 5 boys with preclinical adrenomyeloneuropathy. No evidence of a clinically relevant benefit from dietary treatment in patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy (accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids) could be found. /Lorenzo's oil/

Brain, liver, and adipose lipids were studied in the postmortem tissues of four adrenoleukodystrophy patients who had been treated with a mixture of glyceryl trioleate and trierucate oils ("Lorenzo's Oil") and compared to 7 untreated ALD patients and 3 controls. The dietary therapy appeared to reduce the levels of saturated very long chain fatty acids in the plasma, adipose tissue and liver; in the brain they were reduced in only one of the four patients. While substantial amounts of erucic acid were present in some of the tissues even 12 months after therapy had been discontinued, the levels in brain did not exceed those in controls at any time. The failure of erucic acid to enter the brain in significant quantity may be a factor in the disappointing results of dietary therapy for adrenoleukodystrophy. /Lorenzo's oil/|40 male and 6 female patients with adrenoleukodystrophy received Lorenzos oil (20% erucic acid and 80% oleic acid). In 19 of these patients the platelet count decr significantly. In 6 patients with thrombocytopenia, platelet counts became normal within 2 to 3 mo after erucic acid was omitted from the diet. Observations suggested that strategies for the dietary management of adrenoleukodystrophy requiring the admin of large amt of erucic acid may be associated with thrombocytopenia and that the erucic acid component of Lorenzos Oil is the cause of the thrombocytopenia. Patients treated with erucic acid should be followed closely with determinations of the platelet count. /Lorenzos oil: 20% erucic acid and 80% oleic acid/|... the biochemical and clinical results obtained during a dietary erucic acid (C22:1) therapy in 20 patients affected by X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) /are reported/. Six patients were very severely affected, 9 had milder neurological symptoms and 5 were presymptomatic. Mean basal levels of plasma C26:0 were 1.41 +/- 0.48 ug/mL in ALD patients (control values: 0.33 +/- 0.12). In all patients C26:0 decreased to virtually normal values. In spite of good biochemical response and absence of consistent side effects of therapy, no encouraging data were observed during the clinical follow-up. The presymptomatic subjects were still free of symptoms after more than 1 year of therapy. The symptomatic patients, however worsened or did not show any improvement.|15 men with adrenoleukodystrophy and 3 symptomatic heterozygous women were admin oleic and erucic acids (Lorenzo's oil). Asymptomatic thrombocytopenia developed in 5 patients (platelet counts ranged between 37000 and 84000 per cu mm) but was reversed within 2 to 3 wk after erucic acid was omitted. In addition, long-term treatment with Lorenzo's oil (for 24 to 43 mo) was associated with lymphocytopenia in these 5 patients. The observations suggested that the long-term treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy with Lorenzo's oil can induce severe lymphocytopenia with immunosuppression and recurrent infections. /Lorenzo's oil/

After injection (14)C-erucic acid emulsion in rapeseed oil, highest cconcn found in lipids of rat liver, followed by spleen & kindey. Fatty acid uptake level into lipids was small in brain, testes & seminal vesicles.|Erucic acid was incorporated into diphosphatidylglycerol & syhingomyelin in heart & liver of male rats fed erucic acid for 20 days.|Wistar rats were given a single oral dose of 560 mg erucic acid (ethyl ester) ... Erucic acid levels in the stomach and small intestine reached a max 2 hr after dosing (40% of the dose). Erucic acid levels in the colon reached a max 8 hr after dosing (50% of the dose). This suggested that erucic acid was poorly absorbed. Erucic acid levels in cardiac blood also reached a max 2 hr after dosing (14% of total fatty acids, against a background level of 2.5%).|Male rats (Wistar strain) were iv injected with a mixture of free (14)C-labeled erucic and (3)H-labeled oleic acid. after 2, 4, 8, 16 and 30 min, radioactivity was examined in blood, liver, heart, kidneys and spleen. At all times studied, the majority of radioactivity was found in the liver, primarily as triglycerides (60% of radioactivity in total lipids) and as phospholipids (20 to 30%). In the other organs tested, radioactivity was found 10 to 15 times lower than in liver. In the heart, (14)C was 3 to 4 times higher than (3)H. More than 80% was recovered in tri-glycerides. In spleen and kidneys, the (14)C:(3)H ratio was particularly high in free fatty acids and monoglycerides. In kidneys, 60% of (14)C was present as nervonic acid in monoglycerides and 40% in phospholipids, suggesting that the mononervonin formed was used for phospholipid biosynthesis.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for ERUCIC ACID (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Rats fed rapeseed oil (46.2% erucic acid) for 20 wk had 2-fold heart sphingomyelin content incr. After high erucic rapeseed oil, 22:1 was incorporated into cardiolipin (5.6%) & sphingomyelin (10.5%)...|Male Wistar rats were fed with erucic acid for 20 days. Erucic acid was incorporated into diphosphatidylglycerol and sphingomyelin in heart and liver. The level of erucic acid incorporated into triacylglycerols and free fatty acids in the heart was higher than in the liver.|A study with cultured fibroblasts from normal controls and Zellweger fibroblasts showed that peroxisomes play an important role in the chain-shortening (beta-oxidation) of erucic acid.|Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with diets containing different levels of erucic acid (22:1 n-9) for 1 wk. An incr in dietary 22:1 n-9 resulted in significantly incr myocardial lipidosis as assessed histologically and by an accumulation of 22:1 n-9 in heart lipids; there was no incr in cardiac triacylglycerol except when high erucic acid rapeseed (42.9% 22:1 n-9) oil was fed.|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for ERUCIC ACID (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

An erucic acid mitochondrial metabolite inhibits mitochondrial oxidn of other fatty acids, esp in heart. Would explain accum of triglycerides in heart of rats fed rapeseed oil containing erucic acid.|The effects of erucic acid on the oxygen uptake of heart and liver mitochondria of young was studied by providing the carnitine ester of erucic acid (in comparison to palmitylcarnitine). The presence of erucylcarnitine caused a significant inhibition of the mitochondrial oxidation of palmitylcarnitine. These findings suggest that a mitochondrial metabolite of erucic acid inhibits the mitochondrial oxidation of other fatty acids, especially in the heart, and that this causes the accumulation of triglycerides in the hearts of rats fed rapeseed oil. /Erucylcarnitine/|The effects of high erucic acid rapeseed oil (HER) on fatty acid oxidation in rat liver compared with low erucic acid rapeseed oil (LER) were studied. The results showed that feeding HER to rats led to a decr in the hepatic oxidation capacity of palmitic acid and the liver weight positively correlated with the content of erucic acid in diets and with the length of HER feeding period. The inhibitory action of HER on the oxidation of long-chain fatty acids probably resulted from the incorporation of erucic acid into mitochondrial membranes, interfering the fatty acyl-CoA transferring system on the membranes, but not from the beta-oxidation enzyme system in mitochondria being directly inhibited.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic acids and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Activated charcoal is not effective ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ 15 men with adrenoleukodystrophy and 3 symptomatic heterozygous women were admin oleic and erucic acids (Lorenzos oil). Asymptomatic thrombocytopenia developed in 5 patients (platelet counts ranged between 37000 and 84000 per cu mm) but was reversed within 2 to 3 wk after erucic acid was omitted. In addition, long-term treatment with Lorenzos oil (for 24 to 43 mo) was associated with lymphocytopenia in these 5 patients. The observations suggested that the long-term treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy with Lorenzos oil can induce severe lymphocytopenia with immunosuppression and recurrent infections. /Lorenzo's oil/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The effect of erucic acid rapeseed oil was studied in 46 margarine users. Rapeseed oil (replaced margarine in diet) substitution incr the proportion of eicosaenoic acid (0.4%) in plasma phospholipids. A slight decr in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and an incr in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, 4.5%) led to a significantly higher HDL-C/total cholesterol ratio (1.9%-units). /Rapeseed oil/|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ 40 male and 6 female patients with adrenoleukodystrophy received Lorenzos oil (20% erucic acid and 80% oleic acid). In 19 of these patients the platelet count decr significantly. In 6 patients with thrombocytopenia, platelet counts became normal within 2 to 3 mo after erucic acid was omitted from the diet. Observations suggested that strategies for the dietary management of adrenoleukodystrophy requiring the admin of large amt of erucic acid may be associated with thrombocytopenia and that the erucic acid component of Lorenzos oil is the cause of the thrombocytopenia. Patients treated with erucic acid should be followed closely with determinations of the platelet count. /Lorenzos oil: 20% erucic acid and 80% oleic acid/|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Erucic acid levels in human plasma and red cells and the effect on the distribution of other fatty acids are studied after ingestion of peanut and rapeseed oil. Erucic acid ... did not change the distribution of the other plasma fatty acids. In normally fed humans, the serum triglyceride incr involved all fatty acids except arachidonic and linoleic ...

13-docosenoic acid

... "Lorenzo's oil" (LO), a 4:1 mixture of glyceryl trioleate and glyceryl trierucate...

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|13-Docosenoic acid, (13Z)-: ACTIVE

GLC DETERMINATION IN FATS & OILS.|Analyte: erucic acid; matrix: food (fat, oil); procedure: high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 400 nm|Analyte: erucic acid; matrix: food (butter, cheese, condensed milk, ice cream, milk, yogurt); procedure: high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 400 nm; limit of detection: 0.5-2 pmole|Method: AOAC 985.20; Procedure: thin-layer and gas chromatographic methods; Analyte: erucic acid; Matrix: oils and fats; Detection Limit: not provided.

Analyte: erucic acid; matrix: blood (serum); procedure: high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection at 350 nm (excitation) and 530 nm (emission)|Analyte: erucic acid; matrix: tissue (adipose, blood vessel wall); procedure: high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 242 nm; limit of detection: 0.8-1.2 ng

Fatty Acyls [FA] -> Fatty Acids and Conjugates [FA01] -> Unsaturated fatty acids [FA0103]|Cosmetics -> Skin conditioning