Ethofumesate

286.34

286.34

247-525-3

DTXSID8034580

White crystaline solid

2932999015

70.2

2.7

Colorless solid

1.29 at 20 deg C

71 °C

409.1±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg

100 °C

1.546

In water, 50 mg/L at 25 deg C

0-6°C

4.9X10-6 mm Hg at 25 deg C

LD50 orally in rats: 1130 mg/kg (PB85-143766)

Mild, aromatic odor

Henry's Law constant = 3.7X10-8 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

162.79 Ų [M+H]+

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 5.3X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

III

UN30779/PG3

2

51/53

61

DF7716500

N

Stable to hydrolysis in water at pH 7 and 9. At pH 5.0, DT50 940 day, forming the hydroxy analogue. Phototransformed in water, DT50 31 hr. Degraded in air, DT50 4.1 hr.

P273

H411

Safe Disposal of Pesticides. The best way to dispose of small amounts of excess pesticides is to use them - apply them - according to the directions on the label. If you cannot use them, ask your neighbors whether they have a similar pest control problem and can use them. If all of the remaining pesticide cannot be properly used, check with your local solid waste management authority, environmental agency, or health department to find out whether your community has a household hazardous waste collection program or a similar program for getting rid of unwanted, leftover pesticides. These authorities can also inform you of any local requirements for pesticide waste disposal.|Safe Disposal of Pesticides. An empty pesticide container can be as hazardous as a full one because of residues left inside. Never reuse such a container. When empty, a pesticide container should be rinsed carefully three times and the rinsewater thoroughly drained back onto the sprayer or the container previously used to mix the pesticide. Use the rinsewater as a pesticide, following label directions. Replace the cap or closure securely. Dispose of the container according to label instructions. Do not puncture or burn a pressurized container like an aerosol - it could explode. Do cut or puncture other empty pesticide containers made of metal or plastic to prevent someone from reusing them. Wrap the empty container and put it in the trash after you have rinsed it.

USEPA/Office of Pesticide Programs; Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document - Ethofumesate EPA 738-R-05-010 September 2005. The RED summarizes the risk assessment conclusions and outlines any risk reduction measures necessary for the pesticide to continue to be registered in the U.S.[Available from, as of June 26, 2006: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]

|H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]|P273, P391, and P501|Warning|H400 (54.7%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 181 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical-resistant gloves. long-sleeved shirt and long pants. Protectice eyewear. Shoes plus socks.|...Respiratory protection (minimum standard is a filtering facepiece respirator with NPF of 12) and clothing (overalls and rubber gloves) to prevent skin contact. ...and goggles... .|Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots, and goggles. /Organochlorine pesticide, solid or liquid, NOS/

If a spill occurs, clean it up promptly. Don't wash it away. Instead, sprinkle the spill with sawdust, vermiculite, or kitty litter. Sweep it into a plastic garbage bag, and dispose of it as directed on the pesticide product label.|After Applying a Pesticide, Indoors or Outdoors. To remove pesticide residues, use a bucket to rinse tools or equipment three times, including any containers or utensils that you used when mixing the pesticide. Then pour the rinsewater into the pesticide sprayer and reuse the solution by applying it according to the pesticide product label directions. After applying any pesticide wash your hands and any other parts of your body that may have come in contact with the pesticide..To prevent tracking pesticides inside, remove or rinse your boots or shoes before entering your home. Wash any clothes that have been exposed to a lot of pesticide separately from your regular wash.

Wear the items of protective clothing the label requires: for example, non-absorbent gloves (not leather or fabric), rubber footwear (not canvas or leather), a hat, goggles, or a dust-mist filter. If no specific clothing is listed, gloves, long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and closed shoes are recommended. You can buy protective clothing and equipment at hardware stores or building supply stores.|Indoor Applications. If the label directions permit, leave all windows open and fans operating after the application is completed. If the pesticide product is only effective in an unventilated (sealed) room or house, do not stay there. Put all pets outdoors, and take yourself any your family away from treated areas for at least the length of time prescribed on the label. Apply most surface sprays only to limited areas such as cracks; don't treat entire floors, walls, or ceilings. Don't let pesticides get on any surfaces that are used for food preparation. Wash any surfaces that may have pesticide residue before placing food on them.|Indoor Applications. When using total release foggers to control pests, use no more than the amount needed and to keep foggers away from ignition sources (ovens, stoves, air conditioners, space heaters, and water heaters, for example). Foggers should not be used in small, enclosed places such as closets and cabinets or under tables and counters.|Outdoor Applications. Never apply pesticides outdoors on a windy day (winds higher than 10 mph). Position yourself so that a light breeze does not blow pesticide spray or dust into your face.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ETHOFUMESATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LD50 Rat oral 1130 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral >5000 mg/kg|LD50 Rat percutaneous >2000 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation >3.97 mg/L air/4 hr

Ethofumesate's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; it's use as an herbicide(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC). Ethofumesate is currently registered for use on sugar beets, garden beets, table beets, carrots and various turf uses, including grass seed, sod and ornamental turf(1). It is also registered for use in seed production of Swiss Chard and spinach(1).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 55-500 measured in 10 soils(2), indicates that ethofumesate is expected to have moderate to high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of ethofumesate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.7X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 4.9X10-6 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 50 mg/L(4). Ethofumesate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on its vapor pressure(3). The photodegradation half-life of ethofumesate was reported as 165 hours on soil surfaces, and its biodegradation half-life was reported to range from 83 to 253 days under aerobic conditions(5).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 55-500(2), indicate that ethofumesate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.7X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 4.9X10-6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 50 mg/L(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 24(SRC), from a log Kow of 2.7(5) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The photodegradation half-life of ethofumesate was reported as 28 to 31 hours in aqueous solution(8). Ethofumesate is stable to hydrolysis at pH 5, 7, and 9(8). The 50% dissipation time (DT50) of ethofumesate in a sediment/water microcosm was reported as 125 days(9).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), ethofumesate, which has a vapor pressure of 4.9X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethofumesate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase ethofumesate will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry deposition. The photodegradation half-life of ethofumesate was reported as 28 to 31 hours in aqueous solution(4), suggesting direct photolysis in the atmosphere is possible(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ethofumesate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 7 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Ethofumesate is stable to hydrolysis at pH 5, 7, and 9(2). The photodegradation half-life of ethofumesate was reported as 28 to 31 hours in aqueous solution and 165 hours in soil(2). The hydrolysis half-life of ethofumesate was reported as 940 days at pH 9(3).

An estimated BCF of 24 was calculated for ethofumesate(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.7(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

338.84 L/kg|The Koc value of ethofumesate measured in 10 different soils ranged from 55 to 500, with a mean value of 213(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these Koc values suggest that ethofumesate is expected to have high to moderate mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for ethofumesate is estimated as 3.7X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 4.9X10-6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 50 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that ethofumesate is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(3). Ethofumesate's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important environmental fate process(SRC). Ethofumesate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on its vapor pressure(1).

SURFACE WATER: Ethofumesate was detected in 1 out of 6 surface water samples obtained from golf courses in the US at a concn of 0.65 ug/L(1). Ethofumesate was detected in surface water at an unspecified location in France at a concn of 50 ng/L(2). Ethofumesate was detected in 8%, 35%, 31% and 35% of the water samples collected from the Arno River (Italy) in 1992, 1993, 1994, and 1995, respectively(3). The max concn was reported as 0.06, 0.50, 0.06, and 0.06 ug/L for the years 1992, 1993, 1994, and 1995, respectively(3). Ethofumesate was detected at a conc of 0.09 ug/L in the surface water from the Vemmenhog catchment located in Southern Sweden(4).|GROUNDWATER: Ethofumesate was detected in groundwater at an unspecified location in France at a max concn of 0.05 ug/L(1).|DRINKING WATER: Based upon ethofumesate use patterns, application rates, and environmental fate data, the EPA has estimated an average drinking water concn of ethofumesate of 26 to 45.5 ug/L(1).|RAIN/SNOW: Ethofumesate was detected in rainfall in the Axios River Basin, Greece at concns ranging from 0.003 to 0.38 ug/L, and a mean concn of 0.05 ug/L(1).

Occupational exposure to ethofumesate may occur through inhalation of dusts or dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where it is produced or used as an herbicide(SRC). The general public will be exposed to ethofumesate via dermal or through ingestion of contaminated drinking water(1).

Pesticides used to destroy unwanted vegetation, especially various types of weeds, grasses (POACEAE), and woody plants. Some plants develop HERBICIDE RESISTANCE. (See all compounds classified as Herbicides.)

/In animals the/ major metabolite is the lactone or free acid form of the respective 2-oxo compound.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/CASE REPORTS/ In one case an employee developed a headache when he worked in the smell of the technical material. There were two cases of contamination with the spray dilution of an emulsifiable concentrate formulation of ethofumesate plus another product; in one of these cases no toxic effects were seen, in the other there was transient weakness and light-headedness, possibly caused by the solvent. In the final case, eye contamination with an emulsifiable concentrate formulation of ethofumesate may have produced a corneal ulcer; again this may have been a solvent effect.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION: GENOTOXICITY/ A study of cytogenetic changes in Yugoslavian pesticide applicators was conducted. The cohort consisted of 27 male growers, mean age 39 years, in the Yugoslavian vineyard industry. They applied pesticide mixtures that contained herbicides such as ethofumesate and 2,4-D, fungicides such as triadimefon, vinclozolin, and cineb, and the insecticide diazinon. Controls consisted of 15 male school teachers from a nearby town, mean age 42.31 yr, and 20 males, mean age 38.9 yr, from Belgrade University. All subjects were nonsmokers. Blood samples were collected from the subjects before the start of the spraying season, after 1 month of spraying, and at the end of the spraying season. The lymphocytes were harvested from the samples and scored for chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and micronuclei. During the prespraying season, the mean frequency of unstable chromosome aberrations was slightly, but significantly higher in the vineyard workers than in both control groups. The mean frequency of micronucleated cells was similar in all three groups. No significant differences in mean SCE frequency between the three groups was seen, although there were significant individual differences among subjects in all groups. The incidence of chromosomal aberrations and micronucleated cells was increased in the vineyard workers 1 mo after the start of the spraying season compared to the prespraying season. Only the increase in micronucleated cells was statistically significant. No increase in SCE frequency was seen. At the end of the spraying season, the incidence of unstable chromosome aberrations and binucleated cells in the vineyard workers was significantly increased compared to the prespraying period. The micronuclei frequency was significantly correlated with the chromosome aberration frequency and the frequency of both endpoints was significantly higher than in the controls. The SCE frequency was not significantly increased in the exposed workers. The authors conclude that environmental exposure to pesticide mixtures causes cytogenetic changes indicative of a genetic hazard in the lymphocytes of exposed sprayers.

2-ethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl methanesulfonate

Selected products: Betanal Progress; ...Tramat; Ethosat; Ethosin; Keeper; Kubist; ...Kemiron; Legclene; Aran; Boxer; Darby; MSS Thor; Salute; Stapler; Stemat. ...Discontinued products: Atlas Thor; Fumat; MSS Ethosan; Primasan.|Selected products- Mixtures: Betanal Tandem (+phenmedipham); ...Betamix Progress (+desmedipham +phenmedipham); Betanal Progress OF (+desmedipham +phenmedipham); Betanal Quattro (+desmedipham +metamitron +phenmedipham); Betanal Trio (+metamitron +phenmedipham); Leyclene (+bromoxynil +ioxynil) (as salts); Progress (+desmedipham +phenmedipham); Spectron (+chloridazon); Beetup Pro (+desmedipham +phenmedipham); Beetup Trio (+desmedipham +phenmedipham); Betasana Trio (+desmedipham +phenmedipham); Betosip Combi (+phenmedipham); Bettix Triple (+desmedipham +metamitron +phenmedipham); Contatto (+desmedipham +phenmedipham); Goalpost (+phenmedipham); Goldpost (+phenmedipham); Gremlin (+chloridazon); Kontakt Twin (+phenmedipham); MagicTandem (+phenmedipham); Magnum (+chloridazon); Powertwin (+phenmedipham); Saherb (+desmedipham +phenmedipham +trifluralin); Synbetan D Forte (+desmedipham); Synbetan P Forte (+phenmedipham); Torero (+metamitron); Twin (+phenmedipham). Discontinued products- Mixtures: Medimat 2 (+phenmedipham); Tandem (+phenmedipham).|Trade names: Norton, Progress, and Prograss|Formulation types include flowable concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, and granular products|... suspension concentrate

Product and residue analysis by gas-liquid chromatography with flame photometric detector

Agrochemicals -> Herbicides|Pharmaceuticals|Herbicides|Pesticides -> Herbicides -> Benzofuranyl alkylsulfonate herbicides|Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)|HERBICIDES

Ethofumesate has known environmental transformation products that include Ethofumesate-2-keto.|Ethofumesate has known environmental transformation products that include ethofumesate 2-keto (NC 9607), ethofumesate carboxylic acid (NC 20645), and ethofumesate-2-hydroxy (NC 8493).