Ethylbenzene Safety Data Sheets
SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to the UN GHS revision 8
SECTION 1: Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | Ethylbenzene |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | ETHYL OXIDE; Etylobenzen; Ethylbenzene |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | Hydrocarbons (contain hydrogen and carbon atoms), Volatile organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
| Company | Echemi.com |
|---|---|
| Address | Echemi.com |
| Telephone | Echemi.com |
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | Echemi.com |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
SECTION 2: Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Flammable liquids, Category 2
Acute toxicity - Category 4, Inhalation
Aspiration hazard, Category 1
Specific target organ toxicity â repeated exposure, Category 2
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |    |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour H332 Harmful if inhaled H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways H373 May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/... P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. |
| Response | P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse affected areas with water [or shower]. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P317 Get medical help. P301+P316 IF SWALLOWED: Get emergency medical help immediately. P331 Do NOT induce vomiting. P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell. |
| Storage | P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal. |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethylbenzene | Ethylbenzene | 100-41-4 | 202-849-4 | 100% |
SECTION 4: First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.
Following skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
Following eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Following ingestion
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Inhalation may cause irritation of nose, dizziness, depression. Moderate irritation of eye with corneal injury possible. Irritates skin and may cause blisters. (USCG, 1999)
Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate First Aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds
SECTION 5: Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Suitable extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating vapors are generated when heated. Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to the source of ignition and flash back. (USCG, 1999)
Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. Substance may be transported hot. For hybrid vehicles, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. If molten aluminum is involved, refer to ERG Guide 169. (ERG, 2016)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Use dry powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in covered containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in covered containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, soak up with non-combustible absorbent material, (e.g. sand, earth, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite) and transfer to a container for disposal according to local/national regulations.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Hygroscopic. Storage class (TRGS 510): Flammable liquids.
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
TLV: 20 ppm as TWA; A3 (confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans); BEI issued.MAK: 88 mg/m3, 20 ppm; peak limitation category: II(2); skin absorption (H); carcinogen category: 4; pregnancy risk group: C.EU-OEL: 442 mg/m3, 100 ppm as TWA; 884 mg/m3, 200 ppm as STEL; (skin)
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Wear safety goggles.
Skin protection
Protective gloves.
Respiratory protection
Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.
Thermal hazards
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
| Physical state | Liquid. Liquid. |
|---|---|
| Colour | Colourless. |
| Odour | Aromatic odor |
| Melting point/freezing point | -116.3 °C. Remarks:Melting point for stable crystals. |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 34.58 - 34.59 °C. Atm. press.:760 mm Hg. |
| Flammability | Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit | Lower flammable limit: 0.8% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 6.7% by volume |
| Flash point | -44.37°C. Atm. press.:1 atm.;-14.43°C. Atm. press.:1 atm. |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 175 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 atm. |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | no data available |
| Kinematic viscosity | dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.235. Temperature:20°C. Remarks:Pressure 100 kPa.;dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.195. Temperature:40°C. Remarks:Pressure 410 kPa.;dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.203. Temperature:40°C. Remarks:Pressure 4360 kPa. |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water | Pow = 6.8. Temperature:20 °C. |
| Vapour pressure | 58.96 kPa. Temperature:20°C. Remarks:Calculated from fitted experimental data.;589.6 hPa. Temperature:20 °C. Remarks:Calculated from fitted experimental data.;71.6 kPa. Temperature:25°C. Remarks:Calculated from fitted experimental data. |
| Density and/or relative density | 0.71 g/cm³. Temperature:20 °C.;0.73 g/cm³. Temperature:10 °C.;0.74 g/cm³. Temperature:0 °C. |
| Relative vapour density | 3.7 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
800 ppm [IDLH based on 10% of the lower explosive limit for safety considerations even though the relevent toxicological data indicated that irreversible health effects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.]
Reacts with strong oxidants. Attacks plastics and rubber.
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
A very dangerous fire ... hazard when exposed to heat or flame ...The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed.ETHYLBENZENE can react vigorously with strong oxidizing materials (NTP, 1992).
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions - Carbon oxides.
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 - rat (male/female) - 1 600 mg/kg bw. Remarks:14 d old.
- Inhalation: LCLo - mouse - 397 mg/L air (nominal).
- Dermal: LD50 - rabbit (male) - > 20 000 mg/kg bw.
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
CLASSIFICATION: D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION: nonclassifiable due to lack of animal bioassays and human studies. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: None. NTP has plans to initiate bioassay. Metabolism and excretion studies at 3.5, 35 and 350 mg/kg are to be conducted as well.
Reproductive toxicity
No information is available on the developmental or reproductive effects of ethylbenzene in humans. Animal studies have reported developmental effects, such as fetal resorptions, retardation of skeletal development, and an increased incidence of extra ribs in animals exposed to ethylbenzene via inhalation. (,3,5)
STOT-single exposure
The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. If this liquid is swallowed, aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure above the OEL could cause lowering of consciousness.
STOT-repeated exposure
This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans. The substance may have effects on the kidneys and liver. This may result in impaired functions.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Lepomis macrochirus - > 10 000 mg/L - 96 h.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 165 mg/L - 24 h.
- Toxicity to algae: EC50 - Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) - > 100 mg/L - 72 h.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: EC50 - activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage - 26 000 mg/L - 3 h. Remarks:Respiration rate.
12.2 Persistence and degradability
After a period of inocula adaptation, ethylbenzene is biodegraded fairly rapidly by sewage or activated sludge inoculua(1-3). As a component of gas oil, it is completely degraded in groundwater in 8 days(4) and seawater in 10 days(5). In a mesocosm experiment using simulated Narragansett Bay conditions, complete biodegradation occurred in approximately 2 days after a 2 week lag in spring and a 2 day lag in summer(6). Part of the attenuation in concentration from a leaky gasoline storage tank in the chalk aquifer in England has been attributed to biodegradation(7). No degradation was observed in an anaerobic reactor even after 110 days acclimation(8) or at low concentrations in a batch reactor in 11 weeks under denitrifying conditions(9). Percent removal in an anaerobic, continuous-flow, laboratory biofilm column was 7% after a 2 day detention time(10); 99% removal was observed in a similar aerobic column following a 20 min detention time(10).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
A BCF of 15 (log BCF of 1.19) was measured for ethylbenzene in goldfish(1). Ethylbenzene did not bioaccumulate in Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), BCF approximated as 1, in tests using 0.005 mg/L ethylbenzene(2). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. In a shellfish study, the ethylbenzene concentration in clam tissue was 5 times higher than that measured in water after an 8-day continuous-flow exposure to the water-soluble fraction of Cook Inlet crude oil(4).
12.4 Mobility in soil
Measured ethylbenzene Koc values of 224(1), 240(2) and 257(3) have been reported. According to a classification scheme(4), these Koc values suggest that ethylbenzene is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. Sorption and desorption experiments demonstrated that the sorption process of ethylbenzene on marine sediments is reversible and that the sorption is even lower than expected from the log Kow data and the organic carbon content of the sediment(5); it was concluded that the marine sediment compartment is not an important sink for ethylbenzene(5). A soil leaching column study estimated an ethylbenzene Koc of 240 using a chromatographic methodology(6).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN1175 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: UN1175 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: UN1175 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: ETHYLBENZENE (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: ETHYLBENZENE (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: ETHYLBENZENE (For reference only, please check.) |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 3 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: 3 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: 3 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: II (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: II (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: II (For reference only, please check.) |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: No | IMDG: No | IATA: No |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethylbenzene | Ethylbenzene | 100-41-4 | 202-849-4 |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
| Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) | Listed. | ||
SECTION 16: Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | July 15, 2019 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | July 15, 2019 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
The odour warning when the exposure limit value is exceeded is insufficient.
Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.
Ethylbenzene is included in Perfuming category.
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